Forgiveness: The Highest Form of Love

February is a month people are thinking about love. There are all types of love — from the love of your pet to a best friend to the romantic love towards your significant other. But the highest form of love is that of forgiveness. Forgiveness teaches us about unconditional love. It is not only loving those who are easy to love and who are close to us, but it allows us to love those who are opposite from us and hold views different from us — possibly even those who have done great harm to us.

It is through forgiveness that we learn about ourselves. We become aware of the lens we choose to see the world through, recognizing that what we see in others is what is so hard for us to see within ourselves. When we own that, we are beginning to see someone else in a different light, a more forgiving light. Even when taking a very small step, this begins to open our hearts and light a spark of love within ourselves that touches a deeper love: that of our humanity. It goes directly to the unity that connects all of us — to a higher awareness of the truth of who we are — human beings coming from the same creative source and whose inner being is a spiritual essence.

To learn to love deeply requires forgiveness to become a practice. Most people think of forgiveness as a one-time event. But speak to someone who has had a very painful experience, yet sincerely wanted to let go of their anger and pain and chose forgiveness. They will tell you it was a process, and it took time to work through the grief to get to the other side and to finally be able to forgive. It is this kind of commitment to the work of forgiveness that will change us. And it is this kind of work which helps us shift into a higher form of consciousness where our default is not anger or the need for revenge, but wanting to understand where this person is coming from, and what was the psychological landscape that brought this person to where he or she is today. This kind of thinking will help us see our world with greater understanding, compassion, empathy, and, yes, possibly love for what we all struggle with: the human condition. What greater love is there than giving someone total acceptance of who we are as human beings, recognizing that within all of us is a spiritual being, however deeply buried that may be. This is the essence of deeply held love.

The poet Alexander Pope once wrote, “To err is human, to forgive divine.” Forgiveness is one of the most difficult things we are asked to do, and at times it can feel impossible. Yet even in today’s world, where we hear so much talk about revenge and retribution, some people manage to forgive with amazing grace.

A Forgiveness Story: The Amish Community at Nickel Mines, Pennsylvania

One such story, which has touched many of us, happened on October 2, 2005, when Carl Roberts entered a one-room schoolhouse in the Amish community of Nickel Mines, Pennsylvania. He lined up 11 young girls and shot them at point-blank range. Roberts killed five of the girls and then killed himself. In an amazing act of courage the oldest girl, 13-year-old Marian Fisher asked Roberts to shoot her first. She hoped that she could spare the lives of the younger girls. And what was even more remarkable was that, just a few hours after the shooting, an Amish neighbor went to the Roberts family to comfort them and to offer forgiveness.

A grandfather of one of the girls killed was telling the boys to forgive what had just happened as they prepared the body of one of the little girls for burial. Five days later the families who lost their daughters attended the funeral of the man who had killed them. They went not in anger or for retribution, but to comfort the family and let them know that all was forgiven.

How were the Amish able to forgive? It was because the Amish have an enormous capacity to see things differently. Forgiveness is woven into the fabric of the Amish way of life. The more we are willing to entertain the thought of forgiveness, the more we, too, can experience it. The Amish never lost sight of the fact that, above all else, Roberts was a human being. They did not vilify him, and they were able to see beyond Robert’s actions and recognize not only his weaknesses but his goodness. They were able to see beyond their egos to what can be called seeing with spiritual sight. This gave the Amish the ability to sympathize with his family for their loss and move forward with compassion and not vengeful hate. This is one of the keys to learning how to forgive, looking past the outer behavior and understanding there is a spiritual essence within all of us.

Forgiveness as Grace and Healing

Forgiveness is not about letting someone off the hook. It is about your personal inner healing. It is about being able to tell your story, to listen to the wisdom of what your anger has to say and recognizing there is more to the story. On a deeper level it is about changing the way we think, which includes embracing our spiritual nature and the spiritual nature of even those who have hurt us. The process of forgiveness helps us to understand the pain and suffering of others, especially when we can say, “Why them?” instead of “Why me?” What has happened in their lives which has made them who they are today?

As we struggle with our own difficulties in being able to forgive, we also open ourselves up to a benevolent force which is far more powerful than we could ever be. This creative force, that is sometimes experienced as grace, is that inexplicable power which comes from something beyond us. This power gives us the ability to forgive, even when we feel within our hearts forgiveness is humanly impossible. When it happens, you can feel the power and presence of a higher intervention which transforms your relationships as you experience an outpouring of this inexplicable love.

This is the love which enabled the Amish to pray for everyone involved in what took place on October 2, not only for the innocent little girls who got killed and those still to recover, but for the killer himself. They knew expressing love would bring about healing for all those concerned, whereas taking on the same resentment as the attacker would only support evil and allow it to spread.

As we think about what it means to love and be loved this month, ask yourself — are you ready to embark on a journey which may be difficult at times but which can give you something that is a most precious gift: love itself. For if you really think about why we are here it is not necessarily to amass wealth or power, but to love and be loved.

She Forgave Her Ex

At 33, Mary Noble’s world shattered—her husband suddenly left her for another woman. Pain and shock ruled for months, until one night a vivid dream sparked an unexpected epiphany: Forgiveness. That single word shifted everything and she forgave him. “It was this feeling of grace,” she recalls. Mary spent the next 20 years on a journey to understanding what it really means to forgive, which led her around the globe to her work in Kenya.

Mary Noble

Mary Noble is the co-founder and CEO of Feminenza, a nonprofit organization where she creates and leads training programs in forgiveness. Enjoy this reboot of her episode as we prepare to do a deep dive on personal forgiveness in 2026. Mary was a joy to interview and so transparent about finding herself in one of the most challenging situations. Her story of forgiving someone close to her is an inspiration for all of us.

Contact Mary

Email: forgiveness@feminenza.org

Feminenza: https://feminenza.org

Dr. Eileen Borris

Dr. Eileen Borris is a clinical and political psychologist who has pioneered the concept of political forgiveness on the individual, community and national level. She has addressed the United Nations and has worked for over 30 years to build peace in areas of conflict around the world, including Rwanda, South Africa, Liberia, Nigeria, Ethiopia, and the Middle East. Eileen is the author of Finding Forgiveness: A 7 Step Program for Letting Go of Anger and Bitterness and the creator of Healing the Divide, a program that trains leaders and other individuals interested in applying the principles of political forgiveness to transform their lives and create social change.

Be Part of Eileen’s Community

Subscribe to Political Forgiveness: Voices of Peace podcast on Apple, Spotify, YouTube, or wherever you get your podcasts.

Subscribe to Political Forgiveness newsletter at drborris.com or on LinkedIn.

Eileen’s book: Finding Forgiveness: A 7 Step Program for Letting Go of Anger and Bitterness

Timecodes

00:00 Introduction to Political Forgiveness

00:33 Introducing Antti Pentikainen

00:45 Life in War Zones

02:33 Transition to Academia and US Advisory Role

03:55 The Concept of Sacrifice

08:56 Spiritual Injury and Healing

15:14 Truth, Racial Healing, and Transformation

24:35 The Role of Art and Community in Healing

28:06 Final Thoughts and Call to Action

Forgiving Our Exes

January is a natural time for personal reflection, renewal, and practicing forgiveness of those close to us. The new year offers an opportunity to let go of past hurts and self-blame and move forward with a new perspective. As Fred Luskin and I prepare to launch season 2 of the podcast focusing on personal forgiveness, I’m revisiting this story from season 1 because it’s such a moving example of one woman’s personal journey finding freedom after betrayal.

Forgiveness can enter our lives in strange ways. For Mary Noble she was consumed with anger and pain when one day her husband announced that he was leaving her for another woman. Mary, founder and CEO of Feminenza, a nonprofit organization where Mary gives training programs in forgiveness, did not always support the belief in forgiveness. She was in shock over the end of her marriage—didn’t even see it coming. And for six months she was filled with anguish.

Last summer in an episode of “Political Forgiveness: Voices of Peace,” I interviewed Mary, who shared a dream that her husband came back, and in the dream Mary knew they were going through all the difficulties they had put each other through yet again. When Mary woke up, she realized that she needed to move on.

A Moment of Grace

During the course of that day the word forgiveness “landed” in Mary. In her heart of hearts, she wanted her life back. She wanted to be free of her anger, to forgive her ex and his lover. At that moment of truly wanting to let go, she felt something inside of her—as though a miracle had happened, a moment of grace where the anger totally dissipated, replaced by feelings of joy. Mary realized this was not about her ex, it was about her inner healing. She recognized that there was something greater going on: An interior renovation took place where she was able to totally let go of her pain. In her sincere desire to let go of her anger and resentment Mary experienced the miracle of forgiveness, and it can happen to anyone.

Forgiving Our Exes, Forgiving Our Enemies

This experience was so powerful that it stayed with Mary. Twenty years later, as she was developing programs for Feminenza, the issue of forgiveness kept coming up. This inspired Mary to engage in a two-year study of forgiveness, asking herself questions such as, “Why should we forgive?” and “What about the perpetrator.” She realized that as a society, as a human race, the lack of forgiveness is enshrined in what we consider the right way to go: vendettas, tit for tat, sweet revenge—the things we believe are okay to do.

All of this affects our ability as a human race to evolve, to become better human beings. Then a Congolese pastor who worked at the United Nations sat down with Mary and pulled out pictures of mutilated bodies. Mary asked what was she looking at and he replied, “You’re looking at the result of the civil war in the Congo and the lack of forgiveness. Generation after generation, leader after leader, each one comes into power and massacres everyone who was there before.” Then the pastor said, “I think, Mary, forgiveness is the only way out of this.”

So how do we heal what has been passed down from generation to generation? Forgiveness is about the art of healing. This is what Mary was doing—creating a certain ecology in her workshops that is so warm and loving that it provided the space and the opportunity for people to release at least some of what they were holding on to.

Peeling the Layers

When we are willing to engage in a forgiveness process and are willing to do the work, it’s like peeling the layers of an onion. We begin to deal with our anger, our fear, our guilt. We give ourselves permission to mourn. And then we can begin to release pain and sorrow, and in that releasing we begin to remove blocks to the ability to love. That’s the profoundness of forgiveness. We don’t necessarily think about it in that way, but there are many levels of forgiveness from the pragmatic, letting go of pain and suffering, to the sublime, knowing grace and the face of God.

Through the work of forgiveness, we develop the ability to connect with our humanity. That interconnectedness can become very powerful—that what I see in you is what I also know is in me, because we are all part of the human condition. As we go deeper into the forgiveness process, we begin to understand what it really means to love: I can see you in your entirety. The deeper we begin to recognize what it means to be human and get in touch with our own humanity, the more we peel off those layers, the more we are also learning about what real love is. And if we can get to a place of being able to love someone—even though they may have harmed us deeply—that is the highest form of love we will ever really know.

To hear Mary’s stories in her own words, listen to this reboot of her episode from Season 1: She Forgave Her Ex. To hear more stories of personal forgiveness, tune into my podcast this spring for Season 2: Personal Forgiveness. Find “Political Forgiveness: Voices of Peace” on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, YouTube, or wherever you get your podcasts.

Forgiveness Is a Skill. These Are the Trainers.

This final episode of season 1 features three guests from Forgiveness International, a nonprofit organization whose purpose is to promote interpersonal forgiveness through ESPERE, the schools of Forgiveness and Reconciliation. This conversation with Leocadia Montero-Hainley, Rodney Peterson, and Daniel Carman brought me back to the heart of why I do this work.

These three shared stories of gang interventions, restorative circles, and interfaith reconciliation that reveal how deeply harm shapes us — and how powerful it is when people choose to reach out in forgiveness. From a mother who forgave the man who paralyzed her daughter to children learning that forgiveness can become a new default, these guests remind us that healing truly begins with the individual. We can all learn this skill. And when we do, it reshapes our families, communities, and society.

Season two of “Political Forgiveness: Voices of Peace” begins spring of 2026 focusing on individual forgiveness. I’ll be joined by co-host Dr. Fred Luskin of the Stanford University Forgiveness Projects and author of the bestselling books, “Forgive for Good” and “Forgive for Love.”

Leocadia Montero-Hainley

Leocadia Montero-Hainley is a psychotherapist and principal of Leocadia Consulting specializing in conflict resolution, trauma processing, and restorative justice. She leads restorative circles and offers workshops that help communities rebuild trust, heal harm, and strengthen relationships.

Rodney Peterson

Rodney Peterson served as executive director of the Boston Theological Institute and the Consortium of Theological Schools in the greater Boston area. He currently leads workshops on forgiveness and reconciliation with Boston’s Cooperative Metropolitan Ministries and is a visiting scholar at Duke Divinity School.

Dan Carman

Dan Carman is the director of Cooperative Metropolitan Ministries, Boston’s oldest interfaith social-action network, and serves as vice chair of Forgiveness International. His work centers on community healing, interfaith collaboration, and developing practical pathways toward reconciliation.

Mentioned in the Episode

Dignity: Its Essential Role in Resolving Conflict by Donna Hicks

Dr. Eileen Borris

Dr. Eileen Borris is a clinical and political psychologist who has pioneered the concept of political forgiveness on the individual, community and national level. She has addressed the United Nations and has worked for over 30 years to build peace in areas of conflict around the world, including Rwanda, South Africa, Liberia, Nigeria, Ethiopia, and the Middle East. Eileen is the author of Finding Forgiveness: A 7 Step Program for Letting Go of Anger and Bitterness and the creator of Healing the Divide, a program that trains leaders and other individuals interested in applying the principles of political forgiveness to transform their lives and create social change.

Join Eileen’s Community

Subscribe to Political Forgiveness: Voices of Peace podcast on Apple, Spotify, YouTube, or wherever you get your podcasts.

Subscribe to Political Forgiveness newsletter at drborris.com or on LinkedIn.

Eileen’s book: Finding Forgiveness: A 7 Step Program for Letting Go of Anger and Bitterness

Timecodes

00:00 Introduction and Welcome

00:18 Introducing the Guests

03:21 Leo’s Journey from Law to Psychotherapy

07:54 Dan’s Story: From Bullying to Mediation

13:04 Rodney’s Work in Forgiveness and Reconciliation

18:36 Transformations Through Forgiveness

26:57 Personal Impact of Forgiveness Work

30:10 Final Thoughts and Messages

33:17 Conclusion and Season Wrap-Up

Secrets of Peace Negotiator Antti Pentikäinen

What can a former terrorist negotiator teach us about healing our families and ourselves? In this moving conversation, Antti Pentikäinen shares what he’s learned from conflict zones to parenting teens: Transformation begins with how we see one another. The energy we bring into a room—whether love or judgment—shapes every outcome. Antti invites us to become “insider reconcilers” in our own lives, healing divisions through presence, compassion, and belief in the dignity of others. You are the healer your family and community need.

Antti Pentikäinen

Finnish Peace Prize winner Antti Pentikäinen is currently professor of practice at the Jimmy and Rosalynn Carter School for Peace and Conflict Resolution at George Mason University, executive director of the Mary Hoch Center for Reconciliation and the Think Peace Learning and Support Hub, where he leads research on how communities and nations heal after violence. He has a lifelong dedication to peacebuilding, reconciliation, and truth-seeking processes that have left a profound impact on communities worldwide.

He also works with indigenous communities on decolonizing mental health and finding ways to connect their cultural practices to existing mental health modalities. Previously, Antti served as Finland’s Special Envoy on the refugee crisis, advised the U.N. on genocide prevention, and worked in the U.S. Institute of Peace and served as Secretary for the U.S. TRHT Leadership Group.

Antti has written a book called How Nations Heal. If anyone knows of an agent or publisher who might be interested, please contact Antti Pentikainen at apentika@gmu.edu.

Contact Antti

Jimmy and Rosalynn Carter School for Peace and Conflict Resolution at George Mason University

Mary Hoch Center for Reconciliation

Think Peace Learning and Support Hub

LinkedIn: @Antti Pentikäinen

Dr. Eileen Borris

Dr. Eileen Borris is a clinical and political psychologist who has pioneered the concept of political forgiveness on the individual, community and national level. She has addressed the United Nations and has worked for over 30 years to build peace in areas of conflict around the world, including Rwanda, South Africa, Liberia, Nigeria, Ethiopia, and the Middle East. Eileen is the author of Finding Forgiveness: A 7 Step Program for Letting Go of Anger and Bitterness and the creator of Healing the Divide, a program that trains leaders and other individuals interested in applying the principles of political forgiveness to transform their lives and create social change.

Be Part of Eileen’s Community

Subscribe to Political Forgiveness: Voices of Peace podcast on Apple, Spotify, YouTube, or wherever you get your podcasts.

Subscribe to Political Forgiveness newsletter at drborris.com or on LinkedIn.

Eileen’s book: Finding Forgiveness: A 7 Step Program for Letting Go of Anger and Bitterness

Timecodes

00:00 Introduction to Political Forgiveness

00:33 Introducing Antti Pentikainen

00:45 Life in War Zones

02:33 Transition to Academia and US Advisory Role

03:55 The Concept of Sacrifice

08:56 Spiritual Injury and Healing

15:14 Truth, Racial Healing, and Transformation

24:35 The Role of Art and Community in Healing

28:06 Final Thoughts and Call to Action

A Day in the Life of Peacebuilder Antti Pentikäinen

It’s not every day we talk to people who can share what life is like on the ground in a war zone. It takes a particular kind of person to leave the comforts of home and help others living in challenging, sometimes dangerous, situations. I recently interviewed Antti Pentikäinen, who spent 25 years as a peace mediator, and asked him what his life was like working in conflict zones, when conditions were sparse and he was living out of a backpack. How did he keep his sanity living in such difficult situations?

In Antti’s backpack there was a bulletproof vest, which included an additional plate to block larger bullets. The largest spaces had to be reserved for essential security and first aid items, including a pump to clean the water, mosquito net, fire alarm, and solar panels to charge devices such as a satellite phone or GPS locator. Antti made regular use of the combat medic first-aid kit, with tourniquets carried in pockets for quick access. This was Antti’s life as a peace mediator while working in some of the world’s worst conflicts and civil wars for a quarter-century. It is exhausting and challenging work.

All of this left a tiny space for clothing, sanitary items, and other essentials, which, in Antti’s case, included The Autobiography of Martin Luther King, Jr. This book accompanied him on numerous trips to war zones. Although it took a third of his personal space, the book became essential. In the evenings, after Antti washed and hung his clothes to dry using only a bucket of water so he would have something to wear in the morning, he crawled under the mosquito net, turned on his headlamp, and opened his book.

Healing from Spiritual Injury

Reading Martin Luther King’s autobiography can be inspirational for many people, and what he stands for brings us closer to our own spiritual nature and to the feeling of the interconnectedness of humanity. This led Antti to question the source of healing and the the concept of spiritual injury. When something harms how we see ourselves or how we speak to ourselves, it is a spiritual injury. It is a deep, internal wound caused by an event or a series of events that creates an irreconcilable conflict between a person’s deeply held spiritual beliefs and their lived reality. It is the way we see our place in the world, the way we relate to other people, and the way we relate to the visible and the invisible realms.

In our conversation, Antti shared the insight that, when there is harm, everyone is harmed, and when there is healing, everything starts to heal. Forgiveness plays a vital role in healing a spiritual injury. Forgiveness helps us peel back the layers of the onion to reach the essence of who we truly are—our spiritual essence—and heals the guilt, fear, anger, and grievances that contribute to the violence and harm people experience. Healing from spiritual injury requires patience and a conscious, deliberate effort to process the trauma and rebuild a sense of safety and trust. Recognizing that the hurt is a legitimate trauma is the first step toward recovery. Engaging in a forgiveness process helps heal wounds resulting from spiritual injury and can be a decisive step forward.

Truth and Reconciliation in the United States

The healing of nations is a very fragile process. We can look to truth and reconciliation commissions and the lessons they have taught to support healing in the United States.  There was an effort made by Dr. Gail Christopher, who at the time was vice president of the Kellogg Foundation, where she was the driving force behind the Truth, Racial Healing & Transformation effort, which was an adaptation of the truth and reconciliation model. Truth and reconciliation commissions usually emerged after civil wars ended, and a mechanism was needed to help nations heal. Dr. Christopher shared that, although the situation in the United States is different given our functioning democratic institutions, we, too, need a healing mechanism that addresses the past in a restorative way, enabling social healing. Social healing cannot be enforced. People need to voluntarily unite around a common purpose to help rebuild relationships and, by doing so, address past issues in restorative ways. It is in this choosing that the healing process begins. It is in the reformation of relationships that societies begin to rebuild—and which, hopefully, lead to a new nation.

An important lesson learned from Dr. Christopher’s work is that before a nation can come together—or before there is any form of a truth and reconciliation commission—individuals impacted by painful situations need to heal. This requires a willingness and an investment from people who dare to imagine what it would take to do the hard work and get things going. To do this work, there needs to be a container—a social space, the broader community —to support them. Otherwise, the trauma will continue to be handed down from one generation to the next. This internal healing and working within a safe social space is what forgiveness in a political context looks like. And it’s the beauty of choosing to come together that will be the defining moment in our country.

To learn more about Antti’s work, enjoy the Political Forgiveness episode, “Secrets of Peace Negotiator Antti Pentikäinen” on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, YouTube, or wherever you get your podcasts.

What Can Leaders and Neuroscience Teach Us?

Many countries around the world are grappling with a violent past. In the peacebuilding world, addressing the past focuses on identifying and resolving the root causes of conflict through constructive engagement with narratives and past experiences of violent conflict. Many leaders are, or have been at the forefront of building the foundations of peace within their societies and nations. Leaders who come to mind are Nelson Mandela, Martin Luther King Jr., and Mahatma Gandhi. All of these men followed their moral compass, based on principles of inner strength and ethical convictions. Can we develop leaders who possess a mindset of inclusivity and moral fortitude? Is there something we can learn from leaders who have been self-reflective due to their experiences, and as a result, can teach us very valuable lessons? And is there a place for neuroscience to help us gain a deeper understanding of one another?

Tim Phillips, founder and CEO of Beyond Conflict, a nonprofit organization that works with leaders to address conflict and promote social change in the United States and abroad, has shared insights gained from his work with leaders around the world. In my latest podcast, Biology, Brains, and the Business of Forgiveness, I had the honor of discussing with Tim how these insights can inform the work of political forgiveness. He began meeting leaders towards the end of the Cold War, especially those in newly emerging democracies. When speaking to these leaders, various issues started to emerge, — including the legacy of the past. How do individuals, communities, and nations deal with the burden of repression that lasted for generations? How do we trust again?

Acknowledging the Oppressor’s Experience

Tim had the privilege of becoming friends with Roelf Meyer, a South African leader and the chief negotiator for the National Party government, who played an integral role in the negotiations between F.W. de Klerk and Nelson Mandela that led to South Africa’s transition to post-apartheid governance. Meyer was asked if he felt any anxiety or insecurity about the decision he made with de Klerk about the negotiations that ended apartheid, and how he felt afterwards. Meyer did question whether he was doing the right thing for his people and for the nation, understanding that people feared what lay on the other side of change. Yet, the moment the agreement was signed, Meyer felt a sense of liberation. A paradigm shift occurred.

Tim then asked more about Meyer’s community, the Boer or Afrikaner community, which went through a form of ethnic cleansing and genocide by the British in the early 20th century. Twenty thousand men, women, and children were killed. Did Meyer’s community ever confront that? Meyer paused, and as he thought about this more, he said if his community had an internal process of healing and truth-telling, perhaps after the Boer War, they may not have set up apartheid.

As part of the truth-telling and healing process, hearing the stories of the victims gives a voice to the voiceless and creates a historical record of what took place. It sheds light on what has happened. But what about the story of the oppressor — were they once victims, too? What if a truth-telling process included the acknowledgment of the psychological landscape of the oppressor that created the situation of so much suffering in the first place? It’s much more challenging to acknowledge the trauma of individuals who did horrible things to you, and to acknowledge what wounded them. Acknowledgment is a crucial component of the political forgiveness process and is essential to breaking cycles of violence, as reflected in Meyer’s insight, and could have profound implications. And we need a process that invites those who cause harm to engage in a healing process of their own, thereby reclaiming their humanity as well. Political forgiveness provides for that opportunity.

Political Forgiveness Begins at Home

Political forgiveness must begin with the individual, and only then can it radiate out to the community and society at large. Phillips highlighted this when hearing someone ask Desmond Tutu about forgiveness. Tutu admitted how difficult forgiveness can be, sharing that when he was in a fight with his wife, he sometimes struggled to say he was sorry. When we think of political forgiveness, we often consider it in broad, existential terms, particularly when we witness the immense suffering that occurs in the world. But political forgiveness begins with our lived human experiences, within our families, our friends, and in our communities. It is part of being human, and to understand our humanness, Phillips began to look to brain and behavioral science to gain insight into this.

The Neural Signature of Forgiveness

Most people don’t realize that our every thought has a chemical component transmitted via neurotransmitters in our brains. Neuroscientists tell us that thoughts can change our brain chemistry as well as our physiology. Neuroplasticity — our brain’s ability to alter neural connections — allows the brain to compensate for traumatic events by forming new neural connections based on new experiences. This can create a cognitive shift in our thinking, leading to a reappraisal of our emotions.

In 2013, a group of scientists (Ricciardi et al.) studied how our brains heal emotional wounds, and they found that the decision to forgive rewires the brain. Neural pathways associated with anger and resentment are weakened, while new neural pathways related to emotional reappraisal, taking perspective and empathy are created. Those who chose to forgive horrific things have also changed their neural signature, which releases the PTSD patterning through emotional reappraisal, which then reduces post-traumatic stress. The difference is actually visible on an fMRI.

The Neuropsychological Equivalent of Grace

What can we take from this? When we can forgive, we perceive the world with greater clarity and insight. The rewiring of the brain has enabled an emotional reappraisal, increased ability for perspective-taking, enhanced empathy, and the healing of emotional wounds. This helps in viewing the oppressor in a new light and within a broader context, where one’s defenses are lowered, allowing for a deeper understanding of the situation as a whole, because our brains have changed. Perhaps this also gives us a window into spiritual experiences. This window is the gift of forgiveness. Forgiveness changes the neural imprint in our brains where an emotional reappraisal happens. This creates a release, which some experience as liberation, while for others, it feels like a shift in perception that is a miracle. From a neuroscientific perspective, perhaps this is the true meaning of grace.

To learn more about Tim Phillips’ work, enjoy the Political Forgiveness episode, “Biology, Brains, and the Business of Forgiveness” on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, YouTube, or wherever you get your podcasts.

 


SOURCE:

Ricciardi et al, How the Brain Heals Emotional Wounds: The Functional Neuroanatomy of Forgiveness, Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, Dec. 9, 2013

Biology, Brains, and the Business of Forgiveness

Tim Phillips has witnessed firsthand how forgiveness reshapes lives—whether in high-stakes negotiations that ended apartheid and sectarian violence, or in the emerging science that shows forgiveness can literally rewire the brain.

As a leader who has supported reconciliation processes from South Africa to Northern Ireland, Tim shares wisdom from figures like Desmond Tutu alongside insights from neuroscience and trauma research. He reminds us that forgiveness is not only a liberating personal choice but also a biological necessity: By understanding ourselves better, we begin to understand others — even our oppressors. Leadership, brain plasticity, and extraordinary stories of reconciliation all come alive in this wide-ranging conversation.

Tim Phillips

Tim Phillips is the founder and CEO of Beyond Conflict, a nonprofit organization that works with leaders to address conflict and promote social change in the United States and abroad. Tim has led efforts to catalyze the peace and reconciliation processes in several nations, including Northern Ireland, El Salvador, and South Africa, and has advised the United Nations, the US Department of State and the Council of Europe. Building on this body of experience, Beyond Conflict has partnered with cognitive and behavioral scientists to generate insights at the intersection of behavioral sciences and real world experience.

Where to Find Tim Phillips

LinkedIn: Timothy Phillips

Website: https://beyondconflictint.org

Dr. Eileen Borris

Dr. Eileen Borris is a clinical and political psychologist who has pioneered the concept of political forgiveness on the individual, community and national level. She has addressed the United Nations and has worked for over 30 years to build peace in areas of conflict around the world, including Rwanda, South Africa, Liberia, Nigeria, Ethiopia, and the Middle East. Eileen is the author of Finding Forgiveness: A 7 Step Program for Letting Go of Anger and Bitterness and the creator of Healing the Divide, a program that trains leaders and other individuals interested in applying the principles of political forgiveness to transform their lives and create social change.

Be Part of Eileen’s Community

Subscribe to Political Forgiveness: Voices of Peace podcast on Apple, Spotify, YouTube, or wherever you get your podcasts.

Subscribe to Political Forgiveness newsletter at drborris.com or on LinkedIn.

Eileen’s book: Finding Forgiveness: A 7 Step Program for Letting Go of Anger and Bitterness

Timecodes

00:00  Introduction to Political Forgiveness

00:27  Meet Tim Phillips: Founder of Beyond Conflict

01:11  Exploring Post-Communist Europe

04:07  The Legacy of Apartheid in South Africa

08:36  The Miami Show Band Massacre

14:17  The Neuroscience of Forgiveness

20:58  Political Forgiveness in the Modern World

33:17  Final Thoughts and Reflections

The Priest and the Guerrilla Fighter

Father Leonel Narváez grew up dodging bullets in a Colombian war zone. Later, he befriended the founder of FARC—the same guerrilla group that had brought violence to his doorstep. That experience changed him forever. Now, he teaches nations how to heal through political forgiveness.

“We are asking people to move from being a beast toward being an angel, because both are there in your heart,” he says.

This episode will challenge everything you think you know about justice, mercy, and peace.

#LeonelNarváez #TransitionalJustice #VoicesOfPeace #Forgiveness #PoliticalForgiveness #Peacebuilding

Father Leonel Narváez is a Colombian sociologist, Catholic priest, and founder of the Foundation for Reconciliation in Bogotá. He is the architect of the ESPERE methodology (Escuelas de Perdón y Reconciliación), a training model designed to address the emotional roots of violence, such as resentment and the desire for revenge. His work, informed by experience in peace negotiations across Latin America and Africa, has been implemented in 21 countries and has reached over 2 million participants. Recognized by UNESCO and recipient of Colombia’s Emprender Paz Prize, Father Narváez advances forgiveness with a deep-rooted respect for human dignity.

Where to find Fr. Leonel Narváez

Website: https://www.fundacionparalareconciliacion.org

About Eileen Borris

Dr. Eileen Borris is a clinical and political psychologist who has pioneered the concept of political forgiveness on the individual, community and national level. She has addressed the United Nations and has worked for over 30 years to build peace in areas of conflict around the world, including Rwanda, South Africa, Liberia, Nigeria, Ethiopia, and the Middle East. Eileen is the author of Finding Forgiveness: A 7 Step Program for Letting Go of Anger and Bitterness and the creator of Healing the Divide, a program that trains leaders and other individuals interested in applying the principles of political forgiveness to transform their lives and create social change.

Be Part of Eileen’s Community

Subscribe to Political Forgiveness podcast on Apple, Spotify, YouTube, or wherever you get your podcasts.

Subscribe to Political Forgiveness newsletter: https://www.drborris.com

LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/dreileenborris

Eileen’s book: Finding Forgiveness: A 7 Step Program for Letting Go of Anger and Bitterness

https://www.amazon.com/Finding-Forgiveness-Seven-Step-Program-Bitterness/dp/0071474692/ref=sr_1_1?

Timestamps

00:34 Meet Father Leonel Narváez

02:07 Leonel’s Early Life and Influences

05:19 Encounter with FARC Leader

10:36 Understanding Political Forgiveness

16:57 The Role of Truth and Reconciliation

24:48 ESPERE Methodology and Its Impact

32:32 Final Thoughts and Call to Action

Forgiving a War Commander. Forging Community.

What happens when a mass killer asks for forgiveness? In Sierra Leone’s Fambul Tok (Family Talk) former combatants gather with victims around a bonfire to share their truth, seek forgiveness, and restore community. In this interview with Libby Hoffman, we follow the powerful journey of Mohammed Savage and others who went from committing atrocities to becoming advocates for peace. From traditional ceremonies to modern classrooms in Chicago and St. Louis, this grassroots model of healing is transforming lives. It’s not just about forgiveness—it’s about rebuilding trust, honoring culture, and showing what’s possible when communities lead their own healing.

#LibbyHoffman #CatalystforPeace #FambulTok #Forgiveness #PoliticalForgiveness #CommunityLeadership #RestorativeJustice #Reconciliation

Libby Hoffman

Libby Hoffman is the founder and president of Catalyst for Peace and author of the award-winning book, The Answers Are There: Building Peace from the Inside Out. She creates space for those most impacted by violence and war to lead in building the peace and restoring social wholeness. She co-founded the Fambul Tok (Family Talk) program in Sierra Leone and has accompanied its growth from post-war community reconciliation to national policy framework, as chronicled in her books and the award-winning documentary Fambul Tok, which she produced in 2011. A former political science professor at Principia College, Libby has degrees from Tufts’ Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy and Williams College.

Where to Find Libby Hoffman

Website: libbyhoffman.com

Book: The Answers Are There: Building Peace From The Inside Out

Documentary: Fambul Tok

Catalyst for Peace: catalystforpeace.org

About Eileen Borris

Dr. Eileen Borris is a clinical and political psychologist who has pioneered the concept of political forgiveness on the individual, community and national level. She has addressed the United Nations and has worked for over 30 years to build peace in areas of conflict around the world, including Rwanda, South Africa, Liberia, Nigeria, Ethiopia, and the Middle East. Eileen is the author of Finding Forgiveness: A 7 Step Program for Letting Go of Anger and Bitterness and the creator of Healing the Divide, a program that trains leaders and other individuals interested in applying the principles of political forgiveness to transform their lives and create social change.

Be Part of Eileen’s Community

Subscribe to Political Forgiveness podcast on Apple, Spotify, YouTube, or wherever you get your podcasts.

Subscribe to Political Forgiveness newsletter

LinkedIn: Dr. Eileen Borris

Eileen’s book: Finding Forgiveness: A 7 Step Program for Letting Go of Anger and Bitterness

 

00:00 Introduction to Political Forgiveness

00:41 Meet Libby Hoffman: Catalyst for Peace

02:24 The Origins of Fambul Tok

03:15 Challenges and Triumphs of Reconciliation

06:16 The Power of Community Healing

10:08 Bonfire and Cleansing Ceremonies

14:35 Stories of Forgiveness and Reconciliation

28:13 Applying Fambul Tok Principles Globally

33:43 Conclusion and Final Thoughts